Summary of Biological Knowledge Points in the 2018 College Entrance Examination Guidance:This article summarizes the biology knowledge points of the 2018 College Entrance Examination for reference only. If you can help, you are welcome to comment and share. Summary of Biological Knowledge Points of the 2018 College Entrance Examination 1. Introduction to the Compulsory Course 1. Organisms have a common material and structural basis.2. Structurally, except for viruses, organisms are made up of cells.Cell is the basic unit of structure and function of organism.3. Metabolism is the chemical change of the whole sequence in living cells and the basis of all life activities of organisms.4. Organisms are stress-prone and can adapt to their surroundings.5. All organisms have the phenomena of growth, development and reproduction.6. The characteristics of biological heredity and variation enable species to remain basically stable and evolve continuously.7. Organisms can adapt to a certain environment and also affect the environment.Summary of Biological Knowledge Points in Senior High School: The Material Basis of Life 8. Chemical elements that make up organisms can be found in the inorganic nature. No chemical element is unique to the biological world. This fact shows that there is unity between the biological world and the abiotic world.9. The chemical elements that make up organisms differ greatly in their contents in organisms and in inorganic nature. This fact shows that there are also differences between the biological and non-biological worlds.10. All life activities of various organisms must not leave water.11. Sugar is an important component of organisms, the main energy substance of cells, and the main energy substance for life activities of organisms.12. Lipids include fats, lipids and steroids, which are ubiquitous in organisms.13. Protein is an important organic compound in cells. Protein is indispensable to all life activities.14. Nucleic acid is the genetic material of all organisms and plays an important role in genetic variation and protein biosynthesis of organisms.15. Any compound that makes up an organism can't accomplish a certain life activity alone. Only when it is organized organically in a certain way can it show the life phenomena of cells and organisms.Cells are the most basic structural form of these substances.2. The basic unit of life - cell 16. The various metabolic activities in living cells are closely related to the structure and function of cell membranes.Cell membranes have the structural characteristics of fluidity and selective permeability.17. Cell wall supports and protects plant cells.18. Cytoplasmic matrix is the main place for living cells to metabolize. It provides necessary substances and certain environmental conditions for metabolism.19. Mitochondria are the main sites where living cells breathe aerobically.20. Chloroplasts are organelles that carry out photosynthesis in mesophyll cells of green plants.21. Endoplasmic reticulum is related to the synthesis of proteins, lipids and sugars, and it is also the transport channel of proteins.22. Ribosomes are the sites where proteins are synthesized in cells.23. The Golgi apparatus in cells is related to the formation of cell secretions, mainly the processing and transport of proteins. When plant cells divide, the Golgi apparatus is related to the formation of cell walls.24. Chromatin and chromosome are two forms of the same substance in cells at different stages.25. The nucleus is the place where genetic material is stored and duplicated. It is the control center of cellular genetic characteristics and metabolic activities.26. The structure of each part of a cell is not isolated from each other, but closely related and coordinated. A cell is an organic and unified whole. Only by maintaining its integrity, can a cell fulfill its life activities normally.27. Cells proliferate by division. Cell proliferation is the basis of growth, development, reproduction and heredity of organisms.28. The significance of cell mitosis is to distribute the chromosomes of parental cells accurately and equally into two daughter cells after replication, thus maintaining the stability of genetic traits between the parental and offspring of organisms, which is of great significance to the heredity of organisms.29. Cell differentiation is a persistent change that occurs throughout the life course