Review of Labor Economics at the End of the Term I. Single Choice Questions 1. The supply curve of individual labor force is (B).Inside A. Forward bending B. Backward bending C. Tilt from left down to right up D. Tilt from left up to right down 2. The influence of housework on labor participation (B).Inside A. Positive B. Negative C. No D. Uncertainty 3. The slope of the contour line is equal to (C)_____________. A. Ratio of marginal products of labor to capital B. Ratio of quantity of labor to capital C. Relative price ratio of labor and capital D. Wage rate 4. Elasticity and Shape of Long-term Labor Demand Curve vs. Short-term Demand Curve (B) A. Big, steep B. Big, gentle C. Small, steep D. Small, gentle 5. The following statements about marginal technology substitution rate are incorrect: (B) A. Marginal technology substitution rate is the ratio of labor input and capital input substituting each other. B. The marginal technology substitution rate is positive. C. The marginal technology substitution rate is the slope of the isoline. D. Ratio of marginal products with marginal technology substitution rate equal to variable input factors 6. Marginal labor output will eventually decline, because (C)_____________. A. The newly added labour force itself is poorly skilled B. Higher wages for newly increased workers C. Capital becomes relatively scarce D. Relatively Excess Capital 7. The demand curve of labor force remains unchanged, and the supply curve of labor force shifts to the left. The effect on the equilibrium wage rate and employment is (C) A. Decrease, B. Decrease, Increase C. Increase, Decrease D. Increase, Increase 8. The cost of general training is usually paid by (B).Inside A. Enterprise B. Employees C. Government D. Society 9. Real wage and price index (B) A. Positive correlation B. Negative correlation C. Uncorrelated D. Uncertainty 10. Technological progress has a greater impact on (C) employment.Inside A. Skilled Workers B. Unskilled Workers C. Technicians D. Female Workers 11.What benchmarks do normative analysis methods use to solve evaluation problems first?(B) A. Mutual Benefit Benchmark B. Mutual Benefit Benchmark C. Mutual assistance benchmark D. Mutual benefit benchmark 12.Which of the following belongs to the indirect cost of labor force production?(D) A. Production Cost B. Education Cost C. Hours Loss Expenses D. Social Public Expenditure 13.Which of the following is correct in describing the characteristics of the equivalent utility curve?(D) A. The farther away the curve is from the origin, the lower the utility level is. B. The slope of the equivalent utility curve is positive. C. Two equivalent utility curves of the same person can intersect D. Equivalent utility curve convex to origin 14. ES > 1 means how flexible the labor supply is?(D) A. Inelasticity of Supply B. Infinite Elasticity of Supply C. Lack of elasticity in supply D. Elasticity in supply 15.The long-term adjustment of labor demand is much larger than the shortterm adjustment, because which of the following effects is also beginning to play a role?(A) A. Scale Effect B. Income Effect C. Substitution effect D. Externalization effect 16.Which of the following options is the opportunity cost of an individual's education?(B) A. Tuition B. Income Abandoned for School C. Part of the cost of living beyond school hours D. Books 17.Which of the following options has higher mobility?(A) A. The skills of the labor force itself can be used by many enterprises. B. Railway locomotive drivers C. Oil workers D. Some industries with declining demand for labour force in society as a whole 18.Which of the following options belongs to deferred payment?(B) A. Hourly Wage B. Pension C. Housing D. Free lunch 19.Which of the following options does not contribute to discrimination in the labour market?(D) A. Race B. Gender C. National Tradition D. Labor Skills 20.Which of the following options is market discrimination caused by monopolistic forces?(D) A. Male employees are reluctant to work under women's leadership B. Enterprises reject all applicants with a score below 55 on the basis of a fiveminute typing test. C. Employers are reluctant to hire women because of established preferences D. Dual Labor Market 22.The first countries to enact the Minimum Wage Act were: (C) A. Britain B. France C. New Zealand D. United States 23.Among the following options, ___ is not an obstacle to reciprocity.(D) A. Information Obstacles B. Institutional Ob